Carbon patch v

Write their ideas on the board. Use slides to summarize carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers CFRP properties. Next, introduce the CFRP patches concept as an alternative to repair cracked steel [slide 20]. Then introduce the engineering finding that pre-stressed patches are more effective at halting crack propagation [slide 21] and show that patch pre-stressing is not a simple task [slide 22].

Slides ; finally, introduce shape-memory alloys, specifically nitinol, and some of its applications. Then, introduce the concept of pre-stressed repair patches, composed of CFRP, nitinol and epoxy adhesive.

Then ask a question that sets up the associated activity. The purpose of this lesson is to arm students with the necessary background information to meaningfully contextualize and perform statistical analyses of experimental data in the associated activity Statistical Analysis of Methods to Repair Cracked Steel , as well as draw conclusions based on their analyses. Students need to understand composites, polymers, carbon fiber, epoxy adhesives, nitinol, and that their combinations result in new and useful composites.

With this goal in mind, it is recommended that you follow the suggested sequence provided below and use the Patching Steel to Rehabilitate Structures Presentation. You may also want to assign students to watch some or all of the videos as homework. Remember to verify YouTube access via school computers since some school districts restrict or completely block YouTube access, causing some of these videos to be unavailable. In this case, download the videos using a tool such as ClipConverter www.

Now that you have general understanding of composites, carbon fiber, epoxy adhesive, shape-memory alloys, and some of their applications, let your imaginations fly and suggest some other possible uses of these materials. Years ago, no one imagined that a plastic coated with some glue could be stronger than steel! Carbon fibers are corrosion-resistant, 10 times stronger and five times lighter than steel, with superior fatigue properties. Epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester or nylon are used as binding polymers.

Stainless steel does not readily corrode, rust or stain with water as ordinary steel does. Widely used in construction. Class Discussion: Because it is highly likely that students have no prior knowledge about polymers, carbon fiber, epoxy adhesives or shape-memory alloys, a formal assessment on these topics would not be productive.

Instead, introduce the lesson by conducting an informal assessment to determine how much students know about strong materials. Show the class an image of Superman slide 2 and engage them in a discussion by asking:.

Write student answers on a designated place on the classroom board. After students have watched the linked videos in the Patching Steel to Rehabilitate Structures Presentation at the end of Days 1 or 3 of the lesson , revisit and evaluate these answers as a class.

Below is a list of online YouTube videos to support the lesson content. Brase, Charles H. Understandable Statistics. Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer. Last updated February Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.

Accessed February El-Tahan, M. Jones, Sean, and Civjan, Scott. Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Tsouvalis, Nicholas G. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. March AP Statistics topics and timing note: This lesson and its associated activity are intended to be taught during the last six weeks of the school year to address topics covered in the AP Statistics course, including central tendency measurements and five numbers summary.

The total time required for the lesson and its associated activity is nine minute sessions. Use the project results presentation grades that students obtain in the associated activity as part of their first semester final test grades. Because of the complexity of this lesson and activity and the necessity to understand many little details in order to teach it and support students, you are welcome to request assistance from the author, Miguel R.

Ramirez, at mramirez2 galenaparkisd. However, these contents do not necessarily represent the policies of the NSF and you should not assume endorsement by the federal government. Why Teach Engineering in K?

Find more at TeachEngineering. Quick Look. Print this lesson Toggle Dropdown Print lesson and its associated curriculum. Suggest an edit. Discuss this lesson.

Activities Associated with this Lesson Units serve as guides to a particular content or subject area. TE Newsletter. Subscribe to TE Newsletter. Summary Over several days, students learn about composites, including carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers, and their applications in modern life. This lesson and its associated activity are suitable for use during the last six weeks of an AP Statistics course; see the topics and timing note for details.

Engineering Connection Maintenance and rehabilitation of concrete and steel structures is extremely important. Systems can be designed for greater or lesser stability. Grades 9 - 12 More Details View aligned curriculum Do you agree with this alignment? Grades 9 - 12 Do you agree with this alignment? When evaluating solutions it is important to take into account a range of constraints including cost, safety, reliability and aesthetics and to consider social, cultural and environmental impacts.

New technologies can have deep impacts on society and the environment, including some that were not anticipated. Analysis of costs and benefits is a critical aspect of decisions about technology.

Students will develop an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology. Patching Steel to Rehabilitate Structures pptx. Patching Steel to Rehabilitate Structures pdf. Post-Introduction Quiz docx. Post-Introduction Quiz pdf. Post-Introduction Quiz Answer Key docx. Post-Introduction Quiz Answer Key pdf. High School Activity. Statistical Analysis of Methods to Repair Cracked Steel Students apply pre-requisite statistics knowledge and concepts learned in an associated lesson to a real-world state-of-the-art research problem that asks them to quantitatively analyze the effectiveness of different cracked steel repair methods.

High School Lesson. Close Encounters of the Polymer Kind Students explore the basic characteristics of polymers through the introduction of two polymer categories: thermoplastics and thermosets.

Close Encounters of the Polymer Kind. Battle of the Beams Students create beams using Laffy Taffy and water, and a choice of various reinforcements pasta, rice, candies and fabricating temperatures. Battle of the Beams. Local companies have stepped in to keep working the existing mines and wells. Last year, the oil sands were on track to deliver more oil than ever.

Governments and financial institutions are pushing to wean the world from fossil fuels to address climate change. But demand for energy remains robust. So long as existing oil fields—no matter their carbon footprint—remain profitable, they are likely to remain in production long after big-name multinational companies walk away.

There are still roughly billion barrels of thick, tar-like bitumen under boreal forests in the Canadian province of Alberta , the largest amount outside of Saudi Arabia, Venezuela and Iran. Domestic companies such as Canadian Natural Resources Ltd. CNQ 1. CVE XOM Politicians and others pushing for a rapid transition to cleaner energy sources face a conundrum.

Despite intensifying efforts to transition the global economy away from fossil fuels, alternative energy sources currently come nowhere near meeting present demand.

That means companies will continue to pump oil even from carbon-intensive sources. Cenovus increased third-quarter oil sands production by almost 50, barrels a day. The benchmark West Texas Intermediate oil price in the U. The sharp rise in prices has prompted even world leaders committed to reducing emissions to call for more production. President Biden asked the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries last year to boost production, after gasoline prices climbed, and in November he released oil from the U.

He also supported the construction of a replacement for Line 3, a pipeline operated by Calgary-based Enbridge Inc. The reasons cited include greenhouse-gas emissions and unattractive returns.

Chevron Corp. Some investment funds managed by BlackRock Inc. As international energy companies have moved out of the oil sands, though, smaller independents and private investors have come in, and some have moved to increase production. Adam Waterous, chief executive of the Waterous Energy Fund, a Calgary-based private-equity firm, said the firm has bought three oil sands projects in Alberta over the past two years. Together, the projects produce between 50, and 60, barrels per day, a number he said could increase to , barrels a day within the next five years.

An 88,square-mile area in northeast Alberta, the oil sands boomed between and Global companies, lured to the region by high oil prices and plentiful supply, raced to Alberta to build extraction megaprojects with names like Sunrise, Peace River and Surmont. Producers either claw the oil-infused sand out of the ground using excavators that look like dinosaurs, or pump the crude out of wells by injecting steam deep into the earth to liquefy it. The oil requires a lot of energy to extract and visibly scars the landscape.

The mining process creates a slurry of quartz sand, water and toxic chemicals, which is kept in huge reservoirs called tailings ponds that are so big they can be seen from outer space. At the oil wells, thick plumes of steam billow overhead from the millions of gallons of water heated by natural-gas facilities.